The first thing to understand about the risk of melanoma is that anyone can develop a this type of skin cancer
No age group or racial group is totally immune to the effects of UV radiation from the sun and no group is genetically free from the risk of developing malignant skin cancer. Less than 1% of cases of melanoma are found amongst the Maori population in New Zealand but those cases tend to be detected at a later stage and are less likely to be successfully treated.
There are several groups that are more at risk than other groups, but the key message is that you should always be aware of your skin and take action by seeing a doctor if you or your loved ones notice any changes in their moles or develop new moles or marks on the skin.
Melanoma risk factors
Ultra Violet (UV) Light
Ultra Violet (UV) light from the sun causes more than 90% of all cases of melanoma. Here in New Zealand we are particularly at risk because of the hole in the ozone layer that reduces the natural protection afforded to other parts of the world.
Sunburn
If you have had severe sunburn during your early life, you are more at risk of developing melanoma as an adult (but you can still develop melanoma even if you were never sun-burnt as a child).
Sunbeds
Using sunbeds is associated with a greater risk of developing melanoma.
Moles
If you have lots of moles on your body (more than 50-100) you are more at risk of developing melanoma.
Fair skin
If you have fair skin and burn easily you are more at risk.
Family history
A family history of melanoma can mean you are more at risk.
Previous melanoma
If you have already had one melanoma, you are more likely to develop more.
Previous skin cancer
If you have already had any type of skin cancer, you are more likely to develop melanoma.
Age
Most cases of melanoma are identified in people aged over 50 but that could be due to greater diligence and awareness in younger generations of the need to protect themselves against the sun. Some 30% of cases still occur in people under the age of 35.
Ethnicity
Whatever your age or ethnic origin, take steps to protect your skin and be aware of any changes in your skin. Always seek the advice of a doctor if you notice any changes or are worried.
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More detailed information can be obtained during a consultation with one of our plastic surgeons. Please contact the Institute for a consultation.
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